What is a USSD code, and how does USSD banking work?
A USSD code is a short string of numbers between a * and a # that you dial to talk directly to a service, such as your bank. USSD stands for Unstructured Supplementary Service Data. Dial *737# and a text menu appears on your screen. Pick an option, reply with a number, and the bank carries out the request.
USSD versus internet banking
A banking app sends your request over mobile data or Wi-Fi. USSD uses your mobile network's signalling channel instead, the same one that carries call setup. That is why it works on any phone, including basic feature phones, and why it keeps working when data is slow, finished or switched off. The trade-off is that USSD can only show short text menus, with no statements, charts or saved beneficiaries.
What the * and # mean
The * separates the parts of the request and the # ends it and sends it. The first number after the opening star identifies the bank (894 is First Bank). Anything after that is extra information, like the amount and account number. The order matters, and it differs between banks: some put the amount first, others the account number. Each bank page on this site shows the exact order.
Why your bank needs your registered number
Your bank recognises you by the phone number on your account, not by the handset. Dial from any other number and the bank either won't recognise you or will only offer services like opening an account. Most banks also need a one-time registration, where you create a USSD PIN separate from your card PIN. Some ask for a debit card to register. Others only need your account number and date of birth.
Session timeouts
A USSD session stays open for only a short time, often under a minute or two depending on the network. If you take too long to reply, the session closes and you start again. Have the account number and amount ready before you dial. If a transfer times out after you entered your PIN, check your balance or alerts before trying again, because the first attempt may have gone through.
USSD charges
Banks and networks charge for USSD sessions or transactions. Some banks publish the fee for each code. Each bank page notes the charges where the bank has published them.
Staying safe on a shared or stolen phone
- Never tell anyone your USSD PIN, and don't save it in your contacts or notes.
- Your SIM is the key. If your phone is stolen, call your network to block the SIM, then use your bank's block code from another phone.
- Many banks have a block code ending in 911#. Learn yours before you need it.
- On a shared phone, clear the screen after each session. Some phones keep USSD replies in a notification history.
- Your bank will never call and ask you to dial a code that "reverses" a transfer. That's a common scam.